Disputing an incorrect invoice
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How to complain if you receive an invoice, you believe is entirely or partially incorrect. What applies when you receive an item you have not ordered, if a company sends reminders or debt collection demands, and what it means to pay under protest.
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Translated page: This text has been translated from Swedish. The text and appearance of the page may look different from the original page.
Keep this in mind when disputing an invoice
If you have purchased anything from the company, you can start by contacting them in writing and pointing out the error on the invoice. If they do not correct the mistake, you can either dispute the invoice or pay it under protest.
If you have not purchased anything from the company, you are not obligated to pay the invoice. However, inform the company in writing that you will not be paying.
What counts as a purchase?
A purchase could for example be when:
you have placed an order that a company has confirmed.
you have accepted a company’s offer.
you have accepted a quote from a company.
Dispute an invoice after a purchase
Contact the company in writing
Begin by contacting the company to point out what is incorrect. Preferably make contact in writing, such as by email. Sometimes, errors are due to mistakes that can easily be cleared up if you point out the error to the company.
If the company does not agree to correct what you feel is incorrect, you can dispute the invoice or the part of the invoice that is incorrect. Another way is to pay under protest.
Dispute all or part of the invoice
Disputing an invoice means that you notify the company that you protest the invoice and therefore will not pay. It is important that you say why you think the invoice is incorrect, such as that the total does not match what you agreed on.
1. Check how much of the invoice is incorrect
When disputing an invoice, firstly check if the entire invoice is incorrect or just a part of it. The basic principle is that you should pay for the part that is correct. In such a case you need to notify the company, that you will pay one part of the amount of the invoice, but that you dispute the remaining amount.
2. Dispute the invoice in writing
Contact the company in writing. This way, you can prove that you have protested and not just ignored the payment. For example, you can send an email. If you send a letter, it's a good idea to send it by registered mail. Also, take a photo or make a copy of it first.
You do not need to send them the invoice when you dispute it. If you still want to send them the invoice, you should send a copy of it and keep the original for yourself.
3. After disputing an invoice
The company is not obligated to respond to or approve your dispute for it to be valid. If the company believes they are entitled to payment, it's up to them to pursue the matter further. After you have disputed, you can wait to see how the company responds. If the company does not send any more demands, you do not need to take any further action.
4. What happens if you dispute an invoice without it being incorrect?
If a dispute resolution board (for example, the National Board for Consumer Disputes) or a court were to conclude that you have disputed the invoice without valid reason, you may need to pay default interest, collection costs and other expenses to the company. If it turns out that the company is entitled to payment, they can therefore demand compensation for the costs they incurred when demanding payment from you.
Pay under protest
Paying under protest means that you pay what the company demands while simultaneously stating that you disagree. This could, for example, be when the company requests a higher price than what was agreed upon in the contract. Later, you can have your case reviewed to determine if you are entitled to a refund.
If you pay without explaining that you are paying under protest, you can still make demands against the company afterwards. But by paying under protest, it becomes clearer that you did not agree. Then the company cannot argue that you approved the demand just because you paid.
Pay under protest if you feel unsure about disputing
Paying under protest is a clever option if you feel unsure about disputing the claim. Since you are paying, you do not need to worry about reminder fees and late interest, or the company turning to collection agencies or the Enforcement Authority. However, you will need to pursue the case yourself if you want to reclaim the money.
Contact the company in writing
Notify the company in writing that you will pay, but that you are doing so under protest because you disagree with the company. For example, you can send an email. Save the email as evidence.
How to have your case reviewed
Turn to the National Board for Consumer Disputes (ARN) for a review of your case. ARN can assess whether you are entitled to a refund or not.
If you receive reminders or a collection demand
Even if you dispute the invoice, the company may still insist on their claim and send reminders or turn to a collection agency.
Reminders on invoices you have disputed
If you receive a reminder on an invoice that you have already disputed, you do not need to dispute the reminder. By disputing the original invoice, you have already declared that you will not pay. However, if you have not disputed the original invoice, it's important that you contact the company and explain why you are not paying.
A collection demand
In some cases, companies contact debt collection agencies to help collect the payment. If you receive a collection demand, it does not mean that you have received a record of non-payment or will receive one.
You can dispute a collection demand in the same way that you dispute a regular invoice, but you need to dispute the demand with the collection agency that sent the collection demand. It is important that you say why you are disputing the claim. Remember to always dispute a claim in writing, such as by email.
Dispute an invoice you received, even though you have not purchased anything
How to dispute an invoice
Disputing an invoice means that you notify the company that you protest the invoice and therefore will not pay. It is important that you say why you think the invoice is incorrect, such as that you have not purchased anything from the company.
1. Dispute the invoice in writing
Contact the company in writing. This way, you can prove that you have protested and not just ignored the payment. For example, you can send an email. If you send a letter, it's a good idea to send it by registered mail. Also, take a photo or make a copy of it first.
You do not need to send them the invoice when you dispute it. If you still want to send them the invoice, you should send a copy of it and keep the original for yourself.
2. After disputing an invoice
The company is not obligated to respond to or approve your dispute for it to be valid. If the company believes they are entitled to payment, it's up to them to pursue the matter further. After you have disputed, you can wait to see how the company responds. If the company does not send any more demands, you do not need to take any further action.
If you have received unsolicited goods
If there is no agreement between you and the company, you are not obliged to send back goods that the company sent you. If the company wants the goods back or if you do not want to keep the goods, you can demand that the company bear the cost of sending the goods back.
Have you received a notification that you have a package to collect?
If you have not purchased anything from the company, you are not obliged to pick up parcels sent by the company.
If you receive more invoices, reminders or collection demands
Even though you dispute the invoice, the company may insist on its claim and send new invoices or reminders or contact a debt collection agency.
New invoices from the same company
If you receive invoices that apply to something other than the invoices you previously objected to, you need to contact the company again, in writing and dispute these as well. If you think the company will send you even further invoices, inform them that you will not pay any new invoices sent from them, because there is no agreement between you and the company.
Reminders on invoices you have disputed
If you receive a reminder on an invoice that you have already disputed, you do not need to dispute the reminder. By disputing the original invoice, you have already declared that you will not pay.
A collection demand
In some cases, companies contact debt collection agencies to help collect the payment. If you receive a collection demand, it does not mean that you have received a record of non-payment or will receive one.
You can dispute a collection demand in the same way that you dispute a regular invoice, but you need to dispute the demand with the collection agency that sent the collection demand. It is important that you say why you are disputing the claim. Remember to always dispute a claim in writing, such as by email.
Dispute an invoice when you are unsure whether you have purchased something
When a company has called and tried to sell you something
If you have not accepted the company's offer in writing, the agreement is invalid.
Have you agreed in writing?
By law, the company must receive written approval from you for the agreement to be valid. This applies if the company calls you, or if you were asked by the company to call them. If you have not approved the agreement in writing, it is invalid, and you have no payment obligation to the company.
How should a written approval be made?
A written approval can have various formats. For example, you can:
sign a paper sent to you in the post
approve electronically by email or text message
approve by Bank ID.
The approval must take place after the call so that you have time to think about the offer. So, it is not OK for the company to encourage you to approve the offer during the call.
The company must be able to prove that you accepted the offer in writing, and that it took place after the conversation.
If you call a company on your own initiative to buy something, there is no requirement in a written approval. This means that the agreement becomes binding over the phone, even if you have not signed anything.
Exception to the written requirement
There are a few exceptions to the written requirement, including for games and lotteries.
Dispute if you have not approved in writing
If the company demands payment, you can dispute and point out that there is no contract.
Have you approved in writing?
If you have agreed in writing or are unsure, you can use your right of withdrawal.
Use your right of withdrawal
According to the law, you have a 14-day right of withdrawal when entering into an agreement via telephone. Even if you have accepted the company's offer in writing, you may still withdraw from the agreement by using the right of withdrawal.
When do you need to withdraw?
You need to notify the company of your withdrawal within 14 days from the day after you received or collected the item. If you have purchased a service, you need to notify the company within 14 days from the day after you entered into the agreement, in other words, when you accepted the company's offer in writing.
The company does not need to respond to your notification of the right of withdrawal for it to be valid. The important thing is that you can prove that you withdrew and that you did so within 14 days.
How do I proceed?
Notify the company in writing that you wish to withdraw, for example, via email. Save the email as evidence.
There are no specific requirements on how you should formulate your notification. However, it should be clear that you intend to use your right of withdrawal. If the company has provided you with a withdrawal form, you can use it if you wish, or alternatively use the withdrawal form provided by the Swedish Consumer Agency (Konsumentverket).
Swedish Consumer Agency's withdrawal form (in Swedish)
Take a photo or make a copy of the form if you decide to send it by mail to the company.
If the cancellation period has expired
Normally, you have 14 days to cancel the purchase. However, depending on the information provided at the time of purchase, the cancellation period may be extended. According to the law, the company must provide you with the following information about the right to cancel:
if there is a right of withdrawal
how long you have to change your mind
how to proceed if you change your mind
that there is a standard form for exercising the right of withdrawal.
If the company has not provided you with the information above, you can still cancel even if more than 14 days have passed. The time limit for cancellation can be extended by up to one year.
The burden of proof lies with the company
It is the company's responsibility to prove that you have received all information about the right of withdrawal. If you have not received written information about the right of withdrawal, the company needs to prove that they informed you during your conversation. Many companies choose to make an audio recording during the conversation. You have the right to request this recording so you can listen to it yourself.
When you are unsure whether you have agreed to purchase something or not
Sometimes it is not clear whether you have an agreement with the company or not. Examples of situations that can lead to uncertainty include:
you have accepted a sample pack, free items or very cheap goods
you have placed an order with a company that requires a membership
you have had contact with the company but are unsure what was agreed upon.
Contact the company in writing
If you are unsure about the invoice, it is always advisable to contact the company and question the invoice. Do this in writing, for example via email. You can often find an email address on the invoice or the company's website. If there is only a contact form on the company's website, take a photo or screenshot of the message before you send it to the company.
If the company claims that you have accepted an offer or placed an order, it is up to the company to prove it. You can ask the company to provide evidence that you have entered into an agreement with them.
Choose how to proceed with the invoice
Depending on whether and what the company responds to you, there are several ways to handle the invoice.
For example, if the company can provide evidence that you have purchased something from them, you can try exercising the right of withdrawal.
If the company cannot provide evidence of an agreement, you can dispute the invoice.
If you feel unsure, pay the invoice under protest.
Exercise the right of withdrawal
When you enter a distance contract, meaning without meeting the company in person, you have a 14-day right of withdrawal according to the law. The 14-day period during which you can cancel the purchase can also be extended if the company has not provided you with the information about the right of withdrawal that they are required to provide by law.
Examples of contracts entered at a distance include when you buy something online or over the phone. Even if the company, for example, can show that you placed an order online, you may still cancel the purchase.
Read more on about the right of withdrawal on our website
Dispute the invoice
If you are sure, for example, that there is no agreement, you can choose to dispute the invoice. This means that you notify the company that you object to the invoice and therefore will not pay. It is important to explain why you believe the invoice is incorrect.
Dispute the invoice in writing
Contact the company in writing. This way, you can prove that you have protested and not just ignored the payment. For example, you can send an email. If you send a letter, it's a good idea to send it by registered mail. Also, take a photo or make a copy of it first.
You do not need to send them the invoice when you dispute it. If you still want to send them the invoice, you should send a copy of it and keep the original for yourself.
Here is how you can phrase it
In your message to the company, make sure to include your contact information and specify the invoice number, amount and date of the invoice that you believe is incorrect.
After disputing an invoice
The company is not obligated to respond to or approve your dispute for it to be valid. If the company believes they are entitled to payment, it's up to them to pursue the matter further. After you have disputed, you can wait to see how the company responds. If the company does not send any more demands, you do not need to take any further action.
Pay under protest
Paying under protest means that you pay what the company demands while simultaneously stating that you disagree. This could, for example, be when the company requests a higher price than what was agreed upon in the contract. Later, you can have your case reviewed to determine if you are entitled to a refund.
If you pay without explaining that you are paying under protest, you can still make demands against the company afterwards. But by paying under protest, it becomes clearer that you did not agree. Then the company cannot argue that you approved the demand just because you paid.
An alternative if you feel unsure
Paying under protest is a clever option if you feel unsure about disputing the claim. Since you are paying, you do not need to worry about reminder fees and late interest, or the company turning to collection agencies or the Enforcement Authority. However, you will need to pursue the case yourself if you want to reclaim the money.
Contact the company in writing
Notify the company in writing that you will pay, but that you are doing so under protest because you disagree with the company. For example, you can send an email. Save the email as evidence.
If you have received unsolicited goods
If there is no agreement between you and the company, you are not obliged to send back goods that the company sent you. If the company wants the goods back or if you do not want to keep the goods, you can demand that the company bear the cost of sending the goods back.
Have you received a notification that you have a package to collect?
If you have not purchased anything from the company, you are not obliged to pick up parcels sent by the company.
If you receive more invoices, reminders or collection demands
Even though you dispute the invoice, the company may insist on its claim and send new invoices or reminders or contact a debt collection agency.
New invoices from the same company
If you receive invoices that apply to something other than the invoices you previously objected to, you need to contact the company again, in writing and dispute these as well. If you think the company will send you even further invoices, inform them that you will not pay any new invoices sent from them, because there is no agreement between you and the company.
Reminders on invoices you have disputed
If you receive a reminder on an invoice that you have already disputed, you do not need to dispute the reminder. By disputing the original invoice, you have already declared that you will not pay.
A collection demand
In some cases, companies contact debt collection agencies to help collect the payment. If you receive a collection demand, it does not mean that you have received a record of non-payment or will receive one.
You can dispute a collection demand in the same way that you dispute a regular invoice, but you need to dispute the demand with the collection agency that sent the collection demand. It is important that you say why you are disputing the claim. Remember to always dispute a claim in writing, such as by email.
Your rights if the company contacts the Enforcement Authority
Swedish company
Sometimes, companies turn to the Swedish Enforcement Authority to get help to demand payment, which means that they apply for an order to pay. But you still have the possibility to dispute the claim if it is incorrect. If the company turns to the Swedish Enforcement Authority, you will receive a letter from the Swedish Enforcement Authority. This letter will say what you must do if you do not agree with the claim, and how much time you must respond.
First, you need to confirm that you have received the letter. You can do this by either signing the acknowledgment of receipt and sending it back to the Enforcement Authority, or by calling the Enforcement Authority's customer service. Confirming that you have received the order does not mean that you agree to the claim, but it is only proof that you are aware of the claim.
The Enforcement Authority does not assess whether the company has the right to demand payment from you or not. Therefore, it is important that you inform the Enforcement Authority if you dispute the claim if you believe it is incorrect.
You will not receive a record of non-payment if you are an active part of the case
If you notify the Swedish Enforcement Authority within this response period that the claim is incorrect, you will receive no record of non-payment. It is if you do not do anything, meaning neither pay nor notify that the claim is incorrect, that the Swedish Enforcement Authority will pronounce a decision. This means that the Swedish Enforcement Authority establishes that you must pay what the company demands. In this situation, you will receive a record of non-payment, which means that the credit rating agencies make a note that you have not paid the debt on time.
If the company wants to proceed with the case
If you dispute the claim from the Enforcement Authority, the Enforcement Authority will inform the company that you believe the claim is incorrect. If the company disagrees, they can request that the Enforcement Authority transfer the case to the district court. The fee charged by the court depends on the size of the debt and how the case will be handled.
If you lose the case in the district court, you may have to pay the fee along with other legal costs. However, you do not risk getting a payment remark if you comply with the court's decision. If the company does not want the case to be transferred to court, the Enforcement Authority will close the case.
Many consumers worry that a case may be transferred to court. But remember, it is the company's responsibility to prove that they have the right to demand payment from you. Also, not all companies choose to take the case to court.
The company is from another EU country
Companies from other EU countries, just like Swedish companies, can seek assistance from the Swedish Enforcement Authority to try to collect payment. If so, the company will apply for a European Payment Order. In that case, you will receive a letter with the European Payment Order from the Enforcement Authority in Sweden.
The letter will explain what to do if you want to dispute the order. The dispute must be submitted within 30 days from when you received the order. Remember to keep a copy.
Once the Enforcement Authority receives your dispute, the company can choose whether the case should be transferred to the district court. If the company does not want the case to be transferred to court, the Enforcement Authority will close the case.
Many consumers worry that a case may be transferred to the district court but remember that it is the company's responsibility to prove that they have the right to demand payment from you. Also, not all companies choose to take the case to court.
Disputing a European Payment Order from a foreign court
In some cases, the company seeking payment from you may apply for the court in the country where the company is located to issue the payment order. The service of process and the payment order may then come from the County Administrative Board (Länsstyrelsen) in Stockholm, which is the central authority for international service of process.
You dispute an order from the County Administrative Board in Stockholm in the same way as you dispute a European Payment Order. The difference is that you should send the dispute to the court instead of the Enforcement Authority.
Once the court receives your dispute, the case may be transferred to the district court or dismissed.
If you need guidance
Swedish companies
Do you need help clarifying your rights or want to discuss how to proceed with your case? In that case, you can contact the municipality's consumer guidance, or the guidance provided by our national information service.
Municipality's Consumer Guidance
Many municipalities provide consumer guidance where you can seek free information and support. The assistance offered may vary from one municipality to another.
The Swedish Consumer Agency
If you need guidance, you can contact our national information service. We can provide information on your rights and what options you have to make progress. We provide independent guidance and therefore cannot assess your individual matter, resolve disputes or contact companies for you.
Companies within the EU, Norway, Iceland and the United Kingdom
If you are residing in Sweden and the company you have issues with is registered in another EU country, Norway, Iceland or the United Kingdom, you can receive free advice from ECC Sweden. ECC Sweden is part of a network of consumer offices within the EU. In some cases, ECC Sweden may share the case with a sister office in another country to attempt to reach a solution through mediation.
Contact ECC Sweden
To get assistance with your case, you need to ensure that you have filed a written complaint to the company. To ECC Sweden, you need to submit a description of the problem and documentation showing what has happened. Documentation is necessary if your case is to be shared with any sister office in another country. Remember to keep your originals and only send copies to ECC Sweden.
Send your case via email to: konsumenteuropa@konsumentverket.se
The email should include:
Your first and last name and the name of the company you purchased from
A description of the problem and how you want the company to resolve it
The date you placed the order and the date you received it
The price of the item/service and how you paid
Documentation as evidence of your case
Examples of documentation
Agreement/terms of agreement
Screenshots of advertisements
Invoice/receipts for purchases
Complaint or right of withdrawal notice
Once you have submitted your case, you will usually receive a response within approximately 1 month.
ECC Sweden cannot
Force a company to act according to the law. The work is based on the company being willing to cooperate with the ECC network to reach a resolution.
Mediate in a case if we cannot identify the seller or if the seller refuses to cooperate with the ECC network.
Act as legal representation or assist when the consumer has already initiated legal proceedings.
Assist in purchases between businesses or purchases between individuals.
If you have any questions
ECC Sweden is part of the Swedish Consumer Agency. Do you need help clarifying your rights or want to discuss if and how you can proceed with your case? Then you can contact us at the information service.
Contact the information service
Have your case reviewed
Contact the National Board for Consumer Disputes
If you and the company cannot reach an agreement, you can file a complaint to the public authority the National Board for Consumer Disputes (ARN).
ARN will assess your case and make a recommendation on how to resolve the dispute. Most companies follow ARN’s recommendations.
A normal processing time is approximately six months.
What does it cost to file a complaint with ARN?
It costs SEK 150 to file a complaint with ARN. When you submit your complaint, you can request that the company compensates you for the cost if ARN makes a recommendation in your favor.
Requirements for ARN to consider your case
The company has either rejected your claims or has not responded within a reasonable time.
The amount you and the company are in dispute about is more then ARN's value limitations (different value thresholds apply for different fields). You cannot include the application fee to ARN.
You file the complaint within one year from the first time you complained to the company.
Source: KonsumentverketKonsument Europa
Proofread: 22 February 2022
This website is co-financed by the European Union. ECC Sweden is part of the Swedish Consumer Agency and is co-financed by the EU.